Journal: ImmunoTargets and Therapy

Article Title: Recombinant Antithrombin Alleviated Pulmonary Injury and Inflammation in LPS-Induced ARDS by Inhibiting IL17a/NF-κB Signaling

doi: 10.2147/ITT.S502925

Figure Lengend Snippet: rAT reduced pulmonary inflammation in LPS-induced ARDS model mice. ( A–D ) The levels of inflammatory factors, including IL-6 ( A ), TNF-α ( B ), IL-8 ( C ), and hs-CRP ( D ), were decreased in the serum of the rAT-treated group, as detected by ELISA. ( E ) Immunohistochemical staining for F4/80 revealed that rAT treatment reduced the proportion of macrophages in the lung tissue of LPS-induced ARDS model mice. ( F ) Immunohistochemical staining for MRCI, a marker of M2 macrophages, showed that rAT treatment increased the proportion of M2 macrophages in the lung tissue of LPS-induced ARDS model mice. ( G ) Immunohistochemical staining for Ly6G, a marker of neutrophils, showed that rAT treatment reduced the proportion of neutrophils in the lung tissue of LPS-induced ARDS model mice. All the data are presented as the means ± SDs of three independent experiments. One-way ANOVA, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ns, not significant; scale bar, 50 μm.

Article Snippet: A mouse CXCL15 ELISA Kit (E-EL-M0269) and a mouse hs-CRP ELISA Kit (E-EL-M0677) were purchased from Elabscience (Wuhan, China).

Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Immunohistochemical staining, Staining, Marker

Journal: ImmunoTargets and Therapy

Article Title: Recombinant Antithrombin Alleviated Pulmonary Injury and Inflammation in LPS-Induced ARDS by Inhibiting IL17a/NF-κB Signaling

doi: 10.2147/ITT.S502925

Figure Lengend Snippet: The efficacy of rAT in mitigating lung injury, suppressing the immune response, and inhibiting the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway in LPS-induced ARDS mice were diminished by the administration of IL-17a. ( A ) ELISA results demonstrated that the administration of IL17a inhibited the ability of rAT to reduce inflammatory factors, including IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-8, in the serum of LPS-induced ARDS mice. ( B ) The analysis of the wet/dry weight ratio of the lung tissue revealed that the administration of IL17a counteracted the ability of rAT to alleviate pulmonary exudation in LPS-induced ARDS mice. ( C ) The administration of IL17a did not significantly affect the ability of rAT to reduce the number of cells in the BALF of LPS-induced ARDS mice. ( D ) The administration of IL17a attenuated the ability of rAT to reduce the concentrations of proteins in the BALF of LPS-induced ARDS mice. ( E ) Real-time PCR results showed that the administration of IL17a blocked the ability of rAT to downregulate the expression of target genes in the IL17a/NF-κB signaling pathway. ( F ) The protein levels of the NF-κB signaling pathway were assessed by Western blotting, and gray intensity analysis of the blots showed that the administration of IL17a in LPS-induced ARDS mice counteracted the ability of rAT to suppress the phosphorylation of IκBα, IKKα/β, and P65. The data are expressed as the means ± SDs (n=3 in each group). One-way ANOVA, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, and ns not significant.

Article Snippet: A mouse CXCL15 ELISA Kit (E-EL-M0269) and a mouse hs-CRP ELISA Kit (E-EL-M0677) were purchased from Elabscience (Wuhan, China).

Techniques: Activation Assay, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Expressing, Western Blot, Phospho-proteomics

Journal: Drug Design, Development and Therapy

Article Title: Cordycepin Ameliorates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Mice by Inhibiting IL-6/IL-6R-Mediated p38 MAPK and NF-κB Activation Through Adenosine A 2A Receptor Stimulation

doi: 10.2147/DDDT.S575035

Figure Lengend Snippet: Cordycepin mitigates 2% DSS-induced damage in NCM460 cells. ( A ) Effects of different concentrations of DSS on the viability of NCM460 cells. ( B ) Effects of different concentrations of cordycepin (COR) on the viability of NCM460 cells. NCM460 cells were treated with 2% DSS and / or 1 μmol/L (COR-1), 10 μmol/L (COR-10) COR for 24 h, the release levels of ( C ) LDH, ( D ) IL-1β, ( E ) IL-6, and ( F ) TNF-α in the supernatant were measured by using Elisa. ( G ) Representative images of PI staining and the percentage of PI-positive cells, scar bar = 100 μm. ( H ) The protein expression of ZO-1 in NCM460 cells was determined by using Western blotting assay. The results were representative of three independent experiments and expressed as mean ± SEM. Data were compared using two-tailed Student’s t tests. # P < 0.05, ## P < 0.01, ### P < 0.001 and #### P < 0.0001 vs. control group; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 and ****P < 0.0001 vs. the 2% DSS group.

Article Snippet: Serum CRP levels were measured using a mouse-specific sandwich ELISA kit (E-EL-M0053, Elabscience).

Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Staining, Expressing, Western Blot, Two Tailed Test, Control

Journal: Drug Design, Development and Therapy

Article Title: Cordycepin Ameliorates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Mice by Inhibiting IL-6/IL-6R-Mediated p38 MAPK and NF-κB Activation Through Adenosine A 2A Receptor Stimulation

doi: 10.2147/DDDT.S575035

Figure Lengend Snippet: Cordycepin abates DSS-induced damage in NCM460 cells by activating adenosine receptor A 2A . ( A ) The cAMP levels in NCM460 cells under treatment with 2% DSS and/or 1 μmol/L and 10 μmol/L COR. ( B ) The cAMP levels in NCM460 cells under treatment with 2% DSS, 10 μmol/L COR, 5 μmol/L SCH58261 (SCH), and / or 5 μmol/L DPCPX for 24 h. The release levels of ( C ) LDH, ( D ) IL-1β, ( E ) IL-6, and ( F ) TNF-α were measured by using Elisa. ( G ) Representative images of PI staining and the percentage of PI-positive cells, scar bar = 100 μm. ( H – J ) The protein expression of ZO-1, A 2A AR and A 1 AR in NCM460 cells was determined by using Western blotting assay. The results were representative of three independent experiments and expressed as mean ± SEM. Data were compared using two-tailed Student’s t tests. vs. control group; # P < 0.05, vs. control group; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 and ***P < 0.001 vs. the 2% DSS group.

Article Snippet: Serum CRP levels were measured using a mouse-specific sandwich ELISA kit (E-EL-M0053, Elabscience).

Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Staining, Expressing, Western Blot, Two Tailed Test, Control

Journal: Drug Design, Development and Therapy

Article Title: Cordycepin Ameliorates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Mice by Inhibiting IL-6/IL-6R-Mediated p38 MAPK and NF-κB Activation Through Adenosine A 2A Receptor Stimulation

doi: 10.2147/DDDT.S575035

Figure Lengend Snippet: SCH58261 blocks cordycepin’s amelioration of intestinal inflammation and gut barrier function in DSS-induced colitis mice. ( A – C ) Level of colonic IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α among the Control, DSS, DSS+COR-L and DSS+COR-H group were detected by using Elisa. ( D ) Representative images of AB-PAS staining of colonic tissue. The arrow indicates the goblet cells. ( E ) Number of goblet cells in colonic tissue. ( F ) Representative images of TUNEL staining in colonic tissue, scale bar = 50 μm. ( G ) Percentage of TUNEL-positive cells (%). ( H ) The protein expression of ZO-1 and Occludin in colons was determined by using Western blotting assay. ( I ) and ( J ) Serum level of D-lactate and diamine oxidase (DAO) were measured by using Elisa. ( K ) The serum cAMP levels among the control, DSS, DSS+COR-L, DSS+COR-H group and DSS+SCH+COR-H group. Data were presented as the means ± SEM of six-eight mice in each group and were compared using two-tailed Student’s t tests. # P < 0.05, ## P < 0.01, ### P < 0.001 and #### P < 0.0001 vs. control group; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 and ****P < 0.0001 vs. the DSS model (DSS) group.

Article Snippet: Serum CRP levels were measured using a mouse-specific sandwich ELISA kit (E-EL-M0053, Elabscience).

Techniques: Control, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Staining, TUNEL Assay, Expressing, Western Blot, Two Tailed Test